[QUOTE] Christ, that's a phrase I've not heard for a loooooong time.[/QUOTE] Me too. Sadly, even though I used TSR programmes and may even have written a couple, I can't recall what the benefit was. Err, they were DOS, weren't they? I *can* recall hacking naughty ring-zero drivers for Windows three-point-something (I think) that allowed applications to use a callback function, thus circumventing the protection system. We used it to write test software that could access the entire system IIRC..